Weld quality in ship structures directly affects safety. A comprehensive guide on non-destructive test methods such as UT, RT and MT and classification society requirements.
A ship contains tens of thousands of metres of welds. All these welds meeting classification standards is the foundation of ship safety. Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) methods detect internal and external discontinuities without damaging welds.
Ultrasonic Testing (UT)
UT, applied particularly to full penetration butt welds, detects internal weld defects (porosity, cracks, lack of fusion) with high-frequency sound waves. The TOFD (Time of Flight Diffraction) method provides more accurate internal defect detection compared to conventional UT.
Radiographic Testing (RT)
RT using X-ray or gamma ray transfers a cross-sectional image of the weld to film. The gold standard for fine internal defects, RT is used particularly for critical pipe connections. CMS AS has transitioned to Digital Radiography (DR) technology, eliminating the use of film developing chemicals.
Magnetic Particle Testing (MT)
Magnetic particle testing (MT) is used for surface and near-surface defects. This method is preferred particularly for T-joints and fillet welds.
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